Quick answer: a paver patio needs two layers of material under the stones: a compacted gravel base (usually 4 to 6 inches) and a 1 inch bedding layer of sand. Volume = area × depth in feet, divided by 27 for cubic yards.
To count the pavers themselves, see how many pavers for a 10×10 patio. For more on base stone, see how much gravel you need.
Example: a 10 ft by 10 ft patio
| Layer | Depth | Cubic feet | Cubic yards |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gravel base | 4 in (0.333 ft) | 33.3 | 1.23 |
| Bedding sand | 1 in (0.083 ft) | 8.3 | 0.31 |
Area: 10 × 10 = 100 sq ft. Gravel: 100 × 0.333 = 33.3 cubic feet, and 33.3 ÷ 27 = 1.23 cubic yards. Sand: 100 × 0.083 = 8.3 cubic feet, and 8.3 ÷ 27 = 0.31 cubic yards.
Add an allowance
Compaction and uneven ground use extra material. Add about 10% to 15%: gravel 1.23 × 1.1 = 1.36 cubic yards, sand 0.31 × 1.1 = 0.34 cubic yards.
Tips
- Compact the base in layers of no more than about 2 inches at a time.
- Screed the sand level and do not compact it before laying the pavers.
- Depths vary with soil and use, so check your paver maker’s guidance, and use thicker bases for driveways.
Related: the DIY Project Budget & Materials Planner turns your measurements into quantities, costs and a shopping list.
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